Textbook Question
Select the group 4A element that best fits each of the following descriptions.
b. Is the least dense semimetal
Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Chapter 22, Problem 22.53b
Complete and balance the equation for each of the following reactions.
b. Ca(s) + H2O(l) →
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the type of reaction: This is a single displacement reaction where calcium (Ca) will react with water (H2O) to form calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Write the unbalanced equation: Ca(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g).
Balance the equation by adjusting coefficients to ensure the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.
Start by balancing the calcium atoms: There is 1 Ca atom on both sides, so calcium is balanced.
Balance the hydrogen and oxygen atoms: Adjust the coefficients of H2O and H2 to balance the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Balancing Chemical Equations
Balancing chemical equations is essential to ensure that the law of conservation of mass is upheld, meaning the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of the equation. This involves adjusting coefficients in front of compounds rather than changing the subscripts within the chemical formulas.
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01:32
Balancing Chemical Equations
Types of Chemical Reactions
Understanding the types of chemical reactions, such as synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, and double replacement, helps in predicting the products of a reaction. In this case, the reaction between calcium and water is a single replacement reaction where calcium displaces hydrogen from water.
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02:25Common Types of Alkane Reactions
Reactivity of Metals with Water
The reactivity of metals with water varies significantly across the periodic table. Alkali and alkaline earth metals, like calcium, react with water to produce hydroxides and hydrogen gas. Recognizing this reactivity is crucial for predicting the products of the reaction between calcium and water.
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03:12Transition Metals
Related Practice
Textbook Question
In the following pictures of binary hydrides, ivory spheres
represent H atoms or ions, and burgundy spheres represent
atoms or ions of the other element.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(b) What is the oxidation state of hydrogen in compounds (1), (2), and (3)? What is the oxidation state of the other
element?
Textbook Question
Consider the six second- and third-row elements in groups 4A–6A of the periodic table:
Possible structures for the binary fluorides of each of these elements in its highest oxidation state are shown below.
(b) Explain why the fluorides of nitrogen and phosphorus have different molecular structures but the fluorides of carbon and silicon have the same molecular structure.
Textbook Question
Which compound in each of the following pairs is more ionic?
(b) P4O6 or Ga2O3
Textbook Question
Look at the location of elements A, B, C, and D in the following periodic table:
(b) Classify each oxide as basic, acidic, or amphoteric.
Textbook Question
Identify the group 3A element that best fits each of the following descriptions.
(c) Is extremely toxic