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Multiple Choice
The common fertilizer NH4NO3(s) can explosively decompose according to the following reaction: 2 NH4NO3(s) → 2 N2(g) + O2(g) + 4 H2O(g). ΔH = -236.15 kJ/mol. What is the heat released when 80.06 g of NH4NO3(s) explodes? Molar mass of NH4NO3(s) = 80.06 g/mol.
A
118.08 kJ
B
236.15 kJ
C
59.04 kJ
D
472.30 kJ
Verified step by step guidance
1
First, identify the given information: the molar mass of NH4NO3 is 80.06 g/mol, and the enthalpy change (ΔH) for the decomposition reaction is -236.15 kJ/mol.
Determine the number of moles of NH4NO3 involved in the reaction. Use the formula: \( \text{moles} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}} \). Substitute the given mass of NH4NO3 (80.06 g) and its molar mass (80.06 g/mol) into the formula.
Calculate the heat released using the enthalpy change per mole. Since the reaction involves 2 moles of NH4NO3, multiply the number of moles calculated in the previous step by the enthalpy change (ΔH = -236.15 kJ/mol).
Consider the stoichiometry of the reaction: the enthalpy change given is for 2 moles of NH4NO3 decomposing. Ensure that the calculated heat release corresponds to the correct stoichiometric amount.
Finally, interpret the sign of ΔH. A negative ΔH indicates that the reaction is exothermic, meaning heat is released. Confirm that the calculated heat release is consistent with this understanding.