Multiple Choice
Where are protons and neutrons found within an atom?
2. Atoms & Elements
The Atom
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Which of the following statements regarding the oxygen atom in a water molecule is true?
A
The oxygen atom has a partial negative charge.
B
The oxygen atom is less electronegative than hydrogen atoms.
C
The oxygen atom shares electrons equally with hydrogen atoms.
D
The oxygen atom has a partial positive charge.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of electronegativity: Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons in a chemical bond. Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.
Analyze the structure of a water molecule: A water molecule (H₂O) consists of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
Consider the distribution of electrons: In a water molecule, the shared electrons in the O-H bonds are more attracted to the oxygen atom due to its higher electronegativity.
Determine the charge distribution: Because the electrons are more attracted to the oxygen atom, it acquires a partial negative charge (δ-), while the hydrogen atoms acquire partial positive charges (δ+).
Evaluate the given statements: Based on the above analysis, the statement 'The oxygen atom has a partial negative charge' is true, as it reflects the actual charge distribution in a water molecule.
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