Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

Molarity

General Chemistry

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

Molarity

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Multiple Choice

If you have 5 mL of a solution with a molarity of 1.2×10⁻⁵ M and add 0.976 g of bleach with a density of 1.08 g/mL, what is the initial concentration of the hypochlorite ion (OCl⁻) in the reaction?

6.0×10⁻⁶ M

3.0×10⁻⁵ M

1.2×10⁻⁵ M

2.4×10⁻⁵ M

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Verified step by step guidance

First, understand that the problem involves calculating the initial concentration of the hypochlorite ion (OCl⁻) in a solution. We are given the volume and molarity of the solution, as well as the mass and density of bleach added.

Calculate the number of moles of OCl⁻ in the initial solution using the formula: \( \text{moles} = \text{molarity} \times \text{volume} \). Convert the volume from mL to L by dividing by 1000.

Next, determine the volume of bleach added using its mass and density. Use the formula: \( \text{volume} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{density}} \).

Assume that the bleach contains a certain percentage of OCl⁻. For simplicity, assume 100% for this calculation unless specified otherwise. Calculate the moles of OCl⁻ in the bleach using its volume and the density.

Finally, calculate the total moles of OCl⁻ in the solution by adding the moles from the initial solution and the moles from the bleach. Then, find the initial concentration by dividing the total moles by the total volume of the solution (initial volume + volume of bleach).