Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

3. Chemical Reactions

Stoichiometry

General Chemistry

3. Chemical Reactions

Stoichiometry

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Multiple Choice

Given 10.0 g of phosphorus (P) and 35.0 g of chlorine (Cl2), what mass of phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) can be produced?

58.5 g

50.0 g

45.0 g

65.0 g

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Verified step by step guidance

Determine the molar mass of phosphorus (P) and chlorine (Cl2). The molar mass of P is approximately 30.97 g/mol, and the molar mass of Cl2 is approximately 70.90 g/mol.

Calculate the number of moles of phosphorus and chlorine. Use the formula: \( \text{moles} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}} \). For phosphorus, use 10.0 g, and for chlorine, use 35.0 g.

Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: \( \text{P} + \frac{5}{2} \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow \text{PCl}_5 \). This shows that 1 mole of P reacts with 2.5 moles of Cl2 to produce 1 mole of PCl5.

Determine the limiting reactant by comparing the mole ratio of the reactants to the stoichiometric ratio from the balanced equation. The reactant that produces the least amount of product is the limiting reactant.

Calculate the mass of phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) that can be produced using the moles of the limiting reactant. Use the molar mass of PCl5 (approximately 208.24 g/mol) and the formula: \( \text{mass} = \text{moles} \times \text{molar mass} \).