Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving

Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 4th Edition

Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831Not the one you use?Change textbook

Tro 4th Edition

Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving

Problem 50

Chapter 1, Problem 50

Based on the molecular diagram, classify each change as physical or chemical.

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Identify the initial and final states of the molecules in the diagram.

Determine if there is a change in the chemical composition of the molecules. A change in chemical composition indicates a chemical change.

Look for changes in the arrangement of atoms within the molecules. If atoms are rearranged to form new substances, it is a chemical change.

Check for changes in the physical state (solid, liquid, gas) without altering the chemical identity. Such changes are physical changes.

Classify each change based on your observations: if the chemical identity remains the same, it is a physical change; if new substances are formed, it is a chemical change.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Physical Change

A physical change involves a transformation that does not alter the chemical composition of a substance. Examples include changes in state (like melting or boiling), shape, or size. During a physical change, the molecules remain intact, and no new substances are formed.

Chemical Change

A chemical change results in the formation of one or more new substances with different chemical properties. This process often involves a reaction where bonds between atoms are broken and formed, such as in combustion or rusting. Indicators of a chemical change can include color change, gas production, or temperature change.

Molecular Diagram Interpretation

Interpreting a molecular diagram requires understanding the arrangement and types of atoms involved in a substance. This visual representation helps identify whether changes in the diagram indicate a physical alteration (like a change in state) or a chemical reaction (where new bonds form). Recognizing these changes is crucial for classifying them accurately.

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The warmest temperature ever measured in the United States is 134 °F, recorded on July 10, 1913, in Death Valley, California. Convert that temperature to °C and K.

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Textbook Question

Classify each change as physical or chemical. a. Natural gas burns in a stove. b. The liquid propane in a gas grill evaporates because the valve was left open. c. The liquid propane in a gas grill burns in a flame. d. A bicycle frame rusts on repeated exposure to air and water.

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Textbook Question

Classify each change as physical or chemical. a. Sugar burns when heated in a skillet. b. Sugar dissolves in water. c. A platinum ring becomes dull because of continued abrasion. d. A silver surface becomes tarnished after exposure to air for a long period of time.

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Textbook Question

Based on the molecular diagram, classify each change as physical or chemical.

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Textbook Question

Convert each temperature. a. 32 °F to °C (temperature at which water freezes) b. 77 K to °F (temperature of liquid nitrogen) c. -109 °F to °C (temperature of dry ice) d. 98.6 °F to K (body temperature)

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