Multiple Choice
In the context of chemistry, what is the primary difference between population size and density?
1. Intro to General Chemistry
Density
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Which answer best describes why ice floats in liquid water?
A
Ice is more dense than liquid water.
B
Ice is less dense than liquid water.
C
Ice has a higher temperature than liquid water.
D
Ice has a lower surface tension than liquid water.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of density: Density is defined as mass per unit volume. It is a measure of how much matter is packed into a given space. The formula for density is \( \text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}} \).
Recognize the relationship between density and buoyancy: An object will float in a liquid if it is less dense than the liquid. This is because the buoyant force, which is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the object, is greater than the weight of the object itself.
Consider the structure of ice: Ice is the solid form of water and has a crystalline structure that causes the molecules to be arranged in a way that takes up more space than in liquid water. This arrangement results in ice having a lower density compared to liquid water.
Apply the concept to the problem: Since ice is less dense than liquid water, it will float. This is because the buoyant force exerted by the liquid water is greater than the gravitational force pulling the ice down.
Evaluate the given options: The correct answer is 'Ice is less dense than liquid water.' This explanation aligns with the concept of density and buoyancy, which are the reasons why ice floats in liquid water.
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