Multiple Choice
What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium
The pH Scale
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Which of the following options correctly describes the pH scale?
A
The pH scale measures the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution.
B
The pH scale is logarithmic, with each unit representing a tenfold change in acidity.
C
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 10, with 5 being neutral.
D
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the pH scale is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, which is related to the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in the solution.
Recognize that the pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number change on the scale represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration. This is expressed mathematically as: \( \text{pH} = -\log_{10}[\text{H}^+] \).
Identify that the pH scale typically ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, which is the pH of pure water at 25°C.
Note that a pH less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, where the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than that of hydroxide ions. Conversely, a pH greater than 7 indicates a basic (alkaline) solution, where hydroxide ions predominate.
Evaluate the given options: The correct description of the pH scale is that it ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral, as this aligns with the standard understanding of the pH scale in chemistry.
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