Multiple Choice
What name is given to the bond between water molecules?
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Chemical Bonds
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How are polar covalent bonds different from nonpolar covalent bonds?
A
Polar covalent bonds occur between metals, while nonpolar covalent bonds occur between nonmetals.
B
Polar covalent bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons, while nonpolar covalent bonds involve equal sharing of electrons.
C
Polar covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while nonpolar covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.
D
Polar covalent bonds have higher bond energies than nonpolar covalent bonds.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of covalent bonds: Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share electrons. This sharing allows each atom to attain the electron configuration of a noble gas, achieving stability.
Differentiate between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds: In nonpolar covalent bonds, the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms because they have similar electronegativities. In polar covalent bonds, the electrons are shared unequally due to a difference in electronegativity between the two atoms.
Recognize the role of electronegativity: Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons. When two atoms with different electronegativities form a bond, the more electronegative atom will attract the shared electrons more strongly, resulting in a polar covalent bond.
Identify examples of each type of bond: A common example of a nonpolar covalent bond is the bond between two hydrogen atoms in an H2 molecule. An example of a polar covalent bond is the bond between hydrogen and oxygen in a water (H2O) molecule.
Consider the implications of bond polarity: Polar covalent bonds can lead to the formation of dipoles, where one end of the molecule is slightly negative and the other end is slightly positive. This can affect the physical properties of the substance, such as solubility and boiling point.
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