Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces

Phase Diagrams

General Chemistry

13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces

Phase Diagrams

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Multiple Choice

For a given substance:

ΔH_freezing < ΔH_fus

ΔH_sub = ΔH_fus + ΔH_vap

ΔH_vap < ΔH_fus

ΔH_sub < ΔH_vap

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the terms: ΔHfus is the enthalpy change for fusion (melting), ΔHvap is the enthalpy change for vaporization, and ΔHsub is the enthalpy change for sublimation.

Recall that sublimation is the process where a substance transitions directly from solid to gas. The enthalpy change for sublimation (ΔHsub) can be calculated using the sum of the enthalpy changes for fusion and vaporization: ΔHsub = ΔHfus + ΔHvap.

Analyze the given inequalities: ΔHfreezing < ΔHfus and ΔHvap < ΔHfus. These suggest that the enthalpy change for freezing is less than that for fusion, and the enthalpy change for vaporization is less than that for fusion.

Consider the relationship between these enthalpy changes: Since ΔHsub = ΔHfus + ΔHvap, the enthalpy change for sublimation is the sum of the enthalpy changes for fusion and vaporization.

Use these relationships to understand the energy requirements for phase changes: The enthalpy change for sublimation is greater than either fusion or vaporization alone, as it involves both processes.