Textbook Question
Which protostome phyla successfully made the transition from water to land? Select True or False for each phylum.
T/FMollusca
T/FArthropoda
T/FAnnelida
T/FNematoda
Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Biology: The Study of Life13
- Ch. 2 - Water and Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life14
- Ch.3 - Protein Structure and Function10
- Ch.4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World10
- Ch. 5 - An Introduction to Carbohydrates10
- Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells11
- Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell10
- Ch. 8 - Energy and Enzymes: An Introduction to Metabolism10
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation11
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis12
- Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions12
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle8
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis12
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene23
- Ch. 15 - DNA and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair15
- Ch. 16 - How Genes Work16
- Ch. 17 - Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation16
- Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria16
- Ch. 19 - Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes12
- Ch. 20 - The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology, Genomics, and New Frontiers15
- Ch. 21 - Genes, Development, and Evolution12
- Ch. 22 - Evolution by Natural Selection16
- Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes13
- Ch. 24 - Speciation15
- Ch. 25 - Phylogenies and the History of Life13
- Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea15
- Ch. 27 - Diversification of Eukaryotes16
- Ch. 28 - Green Algae and Land Plants16
- Ch. 29 - Fungi18
- Ch. 30 - An Introduction to Animals9
- Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals15
- Ch. 32 - Deuterostome Animals17
- Ch. 33 - Viruses16
- Ch. 34 - Plant Form and Function16
- Ch. 35 - Water and Sugar Transport in Plants16
- Ch. 36 - Plant Nutrition13
- Ch. 37 - Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses16
- Ch. 38 - Flowering Plant Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 39 - Animal Form and Function17
- Ch. 40 - Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals16
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition16
- Ch. 42 - Gas Exchange and Circulation16
- Ch. 43 - Animal Nervous Systems16
- Ch. 44 - Animal Sensory Systems16
- Ch. 45 - Animal Movement11
- Ch. 46 - Chemical Signals in Animals16
- Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 48 - The Immune System in Animals16
- Ch. 49 - An Introduction to Ecology15
- Ch. 50 - Behavioral Ecology16
- Ch. 51 - Population Ecology16
- Ch. 52 - Community Ecology20
- Ch. 53 - Ecosystems and Global Ecology17
- Ch. 54 - Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology18
Chapter 31, Problem 1
Rank the three most diverse phyla of protostome animals.
a. Arthropoda > Mollusca > Nematoda
b. Mollusca > Arthropoda > Nematoda
c. Arthropoda > Nematoda > Mollusca
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the term 'diverse' in the context of biological classification, which refers to the variety and abundance of species within each phylum.
Review the characteristics of the phylum Arthropoda, which includes insects, arachnids, myriapods, and crustaceans, known for their jointed limbs and exoskeleton.
Examine the phylum Mollusca, which encompasses a range of species from snails and clams to octopuses, characterized by a soft body and often a hard shell.
Look into the phylum Nematoda, or roundworms, which are mostly microscopic and ubiquitous in diverse habitats but less varied in form compared to Arthropoda and Mollusca.
Compare the species richness and variety of body forms among these phyla to determine the ranking of diversity from greatest to least.
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Protostome Development
Protostomes are a group of animals characterized by their embryonic development, where the mouth forms before the anus. This developmental pathway is a key feature that distinguishes them from deuterostomes. Understanding protostome development is essential for classifying and ranking the diverse phyla within this group.
Recommended video:
Guided course
06:02
Embryonic Plant Development
Diversity of Phyla
Diversity in biological terms refers to the variety of life forms within a given ecosystem or taxonomic group. In the context of protostomes, the three phyla in question—Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda—exhibit significant diversity in terms of species richness, ecological roles, and morphological adaptations, making them crucial for understanding evolutionary relationships.
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Guided course
03:05Diversity of Protist Structure & Function
Phylogenetic Relationships
Phylogenetic relationships illustrate the evolutionary connections between different groups of organisms. By analyzing genetic, morphological, and ecological data, scientists can construct phylogenetic trees that help rank the diversity of phyla. This understanding is vital for determining which phyla are more diverse and how they relate to one another within the protostome clade.
Recommended video:
04:13Building Phylogenetic Trees Example 2