Name the three pennate muscles in the following figure, and for each muscle indicate the type of pennate muscle based on the relationship of muscle fascicles to the tendon.

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a. ___

b. ___

c. ___

d. ___

e. ___

f. ___

Label the three visible muscles of the rotator cuff in the following posterior view of the deep muscles that move the arm.

a. ___

b. ___

c. ___

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Levers make action more versatile by all of the following, except

(a) Changing the location of the muscle's insertion

(b) Changing the speed of movement produced by an applied force

(c) Changing the distance of movement produced by an applied force

(d) Changing the strength of an applied force

(e) Changing the direction of an applied force

The more movable end of a muscle is the

(a) Insertion

(b) Belly

(c) Origin

(d) Proximal end

(e) Distal end

The muscles of facial expression are innervated by cranial nerve

(a) VII

(b) V

(c) IV

(d) VI

The strongest masticatory muscle is the

(a) Pterygoid

(b) Masseter

(c) Temporalis

(d) Mandible

The muscle that rotates the eye medially is the

(a) Superior oblique

(b) Inferior rectus

(c) Medial rectus

(d) Lateral rectus

Important flexors of the vertebral column that act in opposition to the erector spinae are the

(a) Rectus abdominis

(b) Longus capitis

(c) Longus colli

(d) Scalene

The major extensor of the elbow is the

(a) Triceps brachii

(b) Biceps brachii

(c) Deltoid

(d) Subscapularis

The muscles that rotate the radius without producing either flexion or extension of the elbow are the

(a) Brachialis and brachioradialis

(b) Pronator teres and supinator

(c) Biceps brachii and triceps brachii

(d) a, b, and c.

The powerful flexor of the hip is the

(a) Piriformis

(b) Obturator

(c) Pectineus

(d) Iliopsoas

Knee extensors known as the quadriceps femoris consist of the

(a) Three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris

(b) Biceps femoris, gracilis, and sartorius

(c) Popliteus, iliopsoas, and gracilis

(d) Gastrocnemius, tibialis, and peroneus

List the four patterns of fascicle arrangement used to classify the different types of skeletal muscles.

What is an aponeurosis? Give two examples.

Which four muscle groups make up the axial musculature?

What three functions are accomplished by the muscles of the pelvic floor?

On which bones do the four rotator cuff muscles originate and insert?

What three functional groups make up the muscles of the lower limbs?

A(n)____develops when an organ protrudes through an abnormal opening.

Elongated bursae that reduce friction and surround the tendons that cross the posterior and anterior surfaces of the wrist form___.

The muscles of the vertebral column include many posterior extensors but few anterior flexors. Why?

Why does a convergent muscle exhibit more versatility when contracting than does a parallel muscle?

Why can a pennate muscle generate more tension than can a parallel muscle of the same size?

Why is it difficult to lift a heavy object when the elbow is at full extension?

Mary sees Jill coming toward her and immediately contracts her frontalis and procerus. She also contracts her right levator labii. Is Mary glad to see Jill? How can you tell?

Mary's newborn is having trouble suckling. The doctor suggests that it may be a problem with a particular muscle. What muscle is the doctor probably referring to?

(a) Orbicularis oris

(b) Buccinator

(c) Masseter

(d) Risorius

(e) Zygomaticus

While unloading her car trunk, Amy strains a muscle and as a result has difficulty moving her arm. The doctor in the emergency room tells her that she strained her pectoralis major. Amy tells you that she thought the pectoralis major was a chest muscle and doesn't understand what that has to do with her arm. What should you tell her?