The energies of the 4s, 4p, and 4d states of potassium are given in Example 41.10. Calculate Zeff for each state. What trend do your results show? How can you explain this trend?

A photon of green light has a wavelength of 520 nm. Find the photon's frequency, magnitude of momentum, and energy. Express the energy in both joules and electron volts.

(a) The energy of the 2s state of lithium is -5.391 eV. Calculate the value of Zeff for this state.

(b) Estimate the energy of the least strongly bound level in the L shell of N2+.

(a) The doubly charged ion N2+ is formed by removing two electrons from a nitrogen atom. What is the ground-state electron configuration for the N2+ ion?

The 5s electron in rubidium (Rb) sees an effective charge of 2.771e. Calculate the ionization energy of this electron.

A hydrogen atom in a particular orbital angular momentum state is found to have j quantum numbers 7 2 and 9 2 . (b) If n = 5, what is the energy difference between the j = 7 2 and j = 9 2 levels?

Calculate the energy difference between the ms = 1 2 ('spin up') and ms = - 1 2 ('spin down') levels of a hydrogen atom in the 1s state when it is placed in a 1.45-T magnetic field in the negative z@direction. Which level, ms = 1 2 or ms = - 1 2 , has the lower energy?

The hyperfine interaction in a hydrogen atom between the magnetic dipole moment of the proton and the spin magnetic dipole moment of the electron splits the ground level into two levels separated by 5.9 * 10-6 eV. (a) Calculate the wavelength and frequency of the photon emitted when the atom makes a transition between these states, and compare your answer to the value given at the end of Section 41.5. In what part of the electromagnetic spectrum does this lie? Such photons are emitted by cold hydrogen clouds in interstellar space; by detecting these photons, astronomers can learn about the number and density of such clouds.