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Benzene Reactions quiz

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  • What is the role of a Lewis acid catalyst in EAS halogenation of benzene?
    A Lewis acid catalyst, such as FeX3, is used to make the halogen electrophile strong enough to react with benzene in EAS halogenation.
  • Why is nitric acid used in the iodination of benzene instead of a Lewis acid catalyst?
    Iodine does not react with the typical Lewis acid catalyst, so nitric acid (HNO3) is used to facilitate the iodination of benzene.
  • What combination of acids is used for the nitration of benzene?
    Nitration of benzene is typically performed using a combination of nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
  • How can the sulfonation of benzene be reversed?
    Sulfonation can be reversed through desulfonation using dilute sulfuric acid or steam.
  • What catalyst is used in Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation?
    Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is used as a catalyst in both Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation.
  • What type of group is added to benzene in Friedel-Crafts alkylation?
    An alkyl group is added to benzene in Friedel-Crafts alkylation.
  • What type of group is added to benzene in Friedel-Crafts acylation?
    An acyl group, typically a carbonyl group, is added to benzene in Friedel-Crafts acylation.
  • What is the significance of carbocations in reactions with benzene?
    Carbocations are strong electrophiles that can react with benzene, often leading to the addition of R groups to the benzene ring.
  • What combination can generate carbocations for reactions with benzene?
    HF with a double bond or BF3 with alcohol can generate carbocations for reactions with benzene.
  • What is the main mechanism discussed for benzene reactions in the provided materials?
    The main mechanism discussed is Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS), which involves strong electrophiles and often catalysts.