Textbook Question
Predict the products and write a balanced molecular equation for each reaction. If no reaction occurs, write 'NO REACTION.' b. Cr(NO3)3(aq) + LiOH(aq) →
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Ch.5 - Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Solutions
Chapter 5, Problem 90
An acid solution is 0.100 M in HCl and 0.200 M in H2SO4. What volume of a 0.150 M KOH solution would completely neutralize all the acid in 500.0 mL of this solution?
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Determine the moles of HCl in the solution using the formula: \( \text{moles} = \text{concentration} \times \text{volume} \).
Calculate the moles of HCl: \( 0.100 \, \text{M} \times 0.500 \, \text{L} = \text{moles of HCl} \).
Determine the moles of H2SO4 in the solution using the same formula.
Calculate the moles of H2SO4: \( 0.200 \, \text{M} \times 0.500 \, \text{L} = \text{moles of H2SO4} \).
Use the stoichiometry of the neutralization reactions to find the total moles of KOH needed, considering that HCl provides 1 mole of H+ per mole and H2SO4 provides 2 moles of H+ per mole.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Acid-Base Neutralization
Acid-base neutralization is a chemical reaction where an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt. In this context, HCl and H2SO4 are strong acids that will react with KOH, a strong base. The stoichiometry of the reaction is crucial for determining the amounts of reactants needed for complete neutralization.
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Lewis Acids and Bases
Molarity and Volume Relationships
Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as moles of solute per liter of solution. To find the total moles of acid present in the solution, we multiply the molarity of each acid by its volume. This relationship allows us to calculate how much KOH is required to neutralize the acids based on their respective concentrations and the total volume of the solution.
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Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations. For the neutralization of HCl and H2SO4 by KOH, we need to consider the stoichiometric coefficients, which indicate the ratio of moles of acid to moles of base required for complete reaction. This is essential for determining the exact volume of KOH needed.
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Related Practice
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