The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets limits on healthful levels of air pollutants. The maximum level that the EPA considers safe for lead air pollution is 1.5 µg/m 3 . If your lungs were filled with air containing this level of lead, how many lead atoms would be in your lungs? (Assume a total lung volume of 5.50 L.)

Hey everyone. Our question here states calculate the number of ethanol molecules in a cup with a volume of 236.6 ml with a density of 0.789 g per cubic centimeter first, Let's go ahead and determine the formula of ethanol. So we know that ethanol is going to be C two H five oh H. And we also need to recognize that one mil leader Is equivalent to one cc. So calculating the Mueller massive ethanol, We can see that we have two of carbon, which we're going to multiply by its atomic mass of 12.01g per mole, Which will get us to 24.02. Moving on to hydrogen, we have six of hydrogen and we're going to multiply that by its atomic mass of 1.008 Which will get us to a total of 6.048. And lastly looking at our oxygen, we have one of oxygen and we're going to multiply that by its atomic mass of 16. Now, when we add this all up, we end up with a molar mass of .068 g per mole. Now let's go ahead and answer our question. Starting off with our 236.6 ml we're going to convert the milliliters into cubic centimeters and now we're going to take our density of 0. grams per one cc. And now we're going to take the molar mass that we determined of 46.068 g of ethanol per one mole of ethanol. And in order to convert from moles into molecules, we know that one mole of ethanol is going to contain 6.02, 2 times 10 to the 23rd molecules of ethanol. And this is going to be avocados number. So once we calculate this out and cancel out our units, we're going to end up with a total of 2.4, 4 Times 10 to the ethanol molecules. And this is going to be our final answer. So I hope this made sense and let us know if you have any questions.

Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements

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Tro 4th Edition

Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements

Problem 122

Chapter 2, Problem 122

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets limits on healthful levels of air pollutants. The maximum level that the EPA considers safe for lead air pollution is 1.5 µg/m³. If your lungs were filled with air containing this level of lead, how many lead atoms would be in your lungs? (Assume a total lung volume of 5.50 L.)

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Convert the lung volume from liters to cubic meters using the conversion factor: 1 L = 0.001 m³.

Calculate the mass of lead in the lungs by multiplying the concentration of lead (1.5 mg/m³) by the lung volume in cubic meters.

Convert the mass of lead from milligrams to grams using the conversion factor: 1 mg = 0.001 g.

Determine the number of moles of lead by dividing the mass of lead in grams by the molar mass of lead (207.2 g/mol).

Calculate the number of lead atoms by multiplying the number of moles of lead by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mol).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Molarity and Concentration

Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In this context, understanding how to convert the given concentration of lead (1.5 mg/m³) into moles is essential for calculating the number of lead atoms in the lungs. This involves using the molar mass of lead to relate mass to the number of moles.

Volume Conversion

To solve the problem, it is necessary to convert lung volume from liters to cubic meters, as the concentration of lead is given in mg/m³. Knowing that 1 L equals 0.001 m³ allows for the correct conversion, ensuring that the units are consistent when calculating the total mass of lead in the lungs.

Avogadro's Number

Avogadro's number (approximately 6.022 x 10²³) is the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance. After determining the number of moles of lead in the lungs, this concept is crucial for converting moles to the actual number of lead atoms, providing a clear understanding of the scale of the pollution in terms of atomic quantity.

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Avogadro's Law

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