Textbook Question
The valence electron configurations of several atoms are shown here. How many bonds can each atom make without hybridization? b. P 3s23p3
Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory
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Tro 4th EditionCh.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond TheoryProblem 54c
Tro 4th EditionCh.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond TheoryProblem 54cChapter 10, Problem 54c
The valence electron configurations of several atoms are shown here. How many bonds can each atom make without hybridization? c. O 2s22p4
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Identify the number of valence electrons for oxygen. Oxygen is in group 16 of the periodic table, so it has 6 valence electrons.
Write the electron configuration for the valence shell of oxygen: 2s^2 2p^4.
Determine the number of unpaired electrons in the valence shell. In the 2p subshell, there are 4 electrons, which means there are 2 unpaired electrons.
Each unpaired electron can form a bond, so the number of bonds oxygen can form without hybridization is equal to the number of unpaired electrons.
Conclude that oxygen can form 2 bonds without hybridization, as it has 2 unpaired electrons in its 2p subshell.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Valence Electrons
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are crucial in determining how an atom can bond with others. The number of valence electrons influences the atom's ability to form bonds, as these electrons are involved in chemical reactions and bond formation.
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Transition Metals Valence Electrons
Octet Rule
The octet rule states that atoms tend to form bonds in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration similar to that of noble gases. This rule helps predict the bonding behavior of elements, particularly in covalent bonding.
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Bonding Capacity
Bonding capacity refers to the maximum number of bonds an atom can form based on its valence electron configuration. For oxygen, which has six valence electrons (2s²2p⁴), it can typically form two bonds to achieve a full octet, allowing it to stabilize its electron configuration.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The valence electron configurations of several atoms are shown here. How many bonds can each atom make without hybridization? c. F 2s22p5
Textbook Question
The valence electron configurations of several atoms are shown here. How many bonds can each atom make without hybridization? a. B 2s22p1 b. N 2s22p3
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Textbook Question
Write orbital diagrams (boxes with arrows in them) to represent the electron configurations—without hybridization—for all the atoms in SF2. Circle the electrons involved in bonding. Draw a three-dimensional sketch of the molecule and show orbital overlap. What bond angle do you expect from the unhybridized orbitals? How well does valence bond theory agree with the experimentally measured bond angle of 98.2° ?
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Textbook Question
Write orbital diagrams (boxes with arrows in them) to represent the electron configuration of carbon before and after sp3 hybridization.