Textbook Question
Identify the correct electron-dot structure for XeF 5+ (a) (b) (c)
Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Chapter 7, Problem 74
Acrylonitrile 1C3H3N2 is a molecule that is polymerized to make carpets and fabrics. The connections between atoms are shown. 
(d) Identify the shortest bond in the molecule.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the types of bonds present in the acrylonitrile molecule. Look for single, double, and triple bonds.
Recall that bond length is inversely related to bond strength: triple bonds are shorter than double bonds, which are shorter than single bonds.
Examine the structure to locate any triple bonds. In acrylonitrile, the carbon-nitrogen bond is a triple bond.
Compare the lengths of the different bonds in the molecule. The C≡N bond is expected to be the shortest due to its triple bond nature.
Conclude that the shortest bond in the acrylonitrile molecule is the C≡N bond.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Bond Types
In chemistry, bonds between atoms can be classified as single, double, or triple bonds. Single bonds involve one pair of shared electrons, double bonds involve two pairs, and triple bonds involve three pairs. The type of bond affects the bond length and strength, with triple bonds being the shortest and strongest, followed by double and then single bonds.
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Bonding Types
Bond Length
Bond length is the distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms. It is influenced by the type of bond; shorter bonds typically indicate stronger interactions between atoms. In a molecule, the shortest bond is often the one that is either a double or triple bond, as these involve more shared electron pairs compared to single bonds.
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Lewis Structures
Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist. They provide a visual representation of how atoms are connected and can help identify bond types and lengths. Analyzing a Lewis structure allows one to determine which bonds are present and to identify the shortest bond in the molecule.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify the third-row elements, X, that form the following ions.(a)
Textbook Question
Identify the fourth-row elements, X, that form the following compounds.(a)
Textbook Question
Which compound do you expect to have the stronger N-N bond, N2H2 or N2H4? Explain.
Textbook Question
Calculate the energy change in kilojoules per mole when lithium atoms lose an electron to bromine atoms to form isolated Li+ and Br-ions. [The Ei for Li1g2 is 520 kJ/mol; the Eea for Br1g2 is -325 kJ/mol.] Will a lithium atom transfer an elec-tron to a bromine atom to form isolated Li+ 1g2 and Br-1g2 ions? Explain.
Textbook Question
Ibuprofen 1C13H18O22, marketed under such brand names as Advil and Motrin, is a drug sold over the counter for treatment of pain and inflammation. Complete the structure of ibuprofen by adding hydrogen atoms and lone pairs where needed.