Cisplatin [Pt(NH3)2Cl2], a compound used in cancer treat-ment, is prepared by reaction of ammonia with potassium tetrachloroplatinate: K2PtCl4 + 2 NH3 ----> 2 KCl + Pt(NH3)2Cl2How many grams of cisplatin are formed from 55.8 g of K2PtCl4 and 35.6 g of NH3 if the reaction takes place in 95% yield based on the limiting reactant?
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1
Calculate the molar mass of K2PtCl4 and NH3 using the periodic table.
Convert the given masses of K2PtCl4 and NH3 to moles by dividing by their respective molar masses.
Determine the limiting reactant by comparing the mole ratio of K2PtCl4 to NH3 with the stoichiometric ratio from the balanced equation.
Use the moles of the limiting reactant to calculate the theoretical yield of cisplatin (Pt(NH3)2Cl2) in moles, based on the stoichiometry of the reaction.
Convert the theoretical yield in moles to grams using the molar mass of cisplatin, and then multiply by the reaction yield (95%) to find the actual yield in grams.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced chemical equation. It involves using mole ratios derived from the coefficients of the balanced equation to determine how much of each substance is consumed or produced. In this case, stoichiometry will help identify the limiting reactant and calculate the theoretical yield of cisplatin.
The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, thus determining the maximum amount of product that can be formed. To find the limiting reactant, one must compare the mole ratios of the reactants based on the balanced equation. In this scenario, identifying the limiting reactant is crucial for calculating the actual yield of cisplatin.
Percent yield is a measure of the efficiency of a chemical reaction, calculated as the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, multiplied by 100. It indicates how much product was obtained compared to what was expected based on stoichiometric calculations. In this problem, the 95% yield indicates that only 95% of the theoretical amount of cisplatin will be produced, which must be factored into the final calculation.
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