Write a balanced equation for the reaction of an excess of O2 with each of the following elements: (b) P, (c) Al, (d) Si.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the chemical symbols for the elements involved in the reactions. Phosphorus is represented by 'P', Aluminum by 'Al', and Silicon by 'Si'.

Step 2: Determine the common oxides formed by each element when they react with oxygen. Phosphorus forms P4O10, Aluminum forms Al2O3, and Silicon forms SiO2.

Step 3: Write the unbalanced chemical equations for each reaction. For phosphorus: P + O2 -> P4O10, for aluminum: Al + O2 -> Al2O3, and for silicon: Si + O2 -> SiO2.

Step 4: Balance each chemical equation by adjusting the coefficients to ensure the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. Start with the most complex molecule, usually the oxide, and balance the elements one at a time.

Step 5: Verify that each equation is balanced by counting the atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. Adjust coefficients as necessary to achieve balance.

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations involves ensuring that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. To balance an equation, coefficients are adjusted in front of the chemical formulas to achieve equal atom counts.

Combustion Reactions

Combustion reactions occur when a substance reacts with oxygen, typically producing heat and light. In the case of elements like phosphorus (P), aluminum (Al), and silicon (Si), their combustion with excess oxygen leads to the formation of oxides. Understanding the products formed during combustion is essential for writing balanced equations for these reactions.

Oxides of Elements

Oxides are compounds formed when elements react with oxygen. Each element has a specific oxide it forms based on its oxidation state and bonding characteristics. For example, phosphorus forms P4O10, aluminum forms Al2O3, and silicon forms SiO2 when they react with oxygen. Recognizing these products is crucial for accurately writing balanced chemical equations.