Textbook Question
Consider the first-order decomposition of A molecules (red spheres) in three vessels of equal volume. (1)-(3) (c) How will the rates and half-lives be affected if the volume of each vessel is decreased by a factor of 2?
Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics
Chapter 14, Problem 43b
The following pictures represent the progress of the reaction AS B in which A molecules (red spheres) are converted to B molecules (blue spheres).
(b) Draw a picture that shows the number of A and B molecules present at t = 3 min.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the initial number of A molecules (red spheres) and B molecules (blue spheres) at t = 0 min.
Observe the progression of the reaction over time by examining the given pictures at different time intervals.
Determine the rate at which A molecules are being converted to B molecules by comparing the number of A and B molecules at each time interval.
Use the observed rate of conversion to estimate the number of A and B molecules at t = 3 min.
Draw a picture representing the estimated number of A and B molecules at t = 3 min, ensuring the total number of molecules remains constant.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Chemical Reaction Progress
Chemical reactions involve the transformation of reactants into products over time. The progress of a reaction can be visualized by tracking the concentration or number of reactants and products at various time intervals. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the amounts of A and B molecules at a specific time, such as t = 3 min.
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Chemical Properties
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows us to calculate the amounts of substances consumed and produced based on balanced chemical equations. In this context, knowing the stoichiometric coefficients can help determine how many A molecules convert to B molecules over time.
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Reaction Rate
The reaction rate refers to the speed at which reactants are converted into products. It can be influenced by factors such as concentration, temperature, and catalysts. Understanding the reaction rate is essential for predicting how the number of A and B molecules changes over time, particularly at the specified time of 3 minutes.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Consider the first-order decomposition of A molecules (red spheres) in three vessels of equal volume. (1)-(3)
(b) What are the relative half-lives of the reactions in vessels (1)–(3)?
Textbook Question
Consider the first-order reaction AS B in which A molecules(red spheres) are converted to B molecules (blue spheres).(a) Given the pictures at t = 0 min and t = 1 min, drawpictures that show the number of A and B moleculespresent at t = 2 min and t = 3 min.
Textbook Question
The following pictures represent the progress of the reaction AS B in which A molecules (red spheres) are converted to B molecules (blue spheres).
(c) Suppose that each sphere represents 6.0⨉1021 molecules and that the volume of the container is 1.0 L. What is the rate constant for the reaction in the usual units?
Textbook Question
The following pictures represent the progress of a reaction in which two A molecules combine to give a more complex molecule A2, 2 AS A2. (b) What is the rate law?
Textbook Question
What is the molecularity of each of the following elementary reactions?(a) (b) (c)