Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement

Problem 111d

Chapter 1, Problem 111d

Answer the following questions. (d) A particular sample of crude oil has a density of 0.85 g/mL. What is the mass of 1.00 barrel of this crude oil in kg, where a barrel of oil is exactly 42 gallons?

Verified step by step guidance

Convert the volume of 1 barrel from gallons to milliliters using the conversion factor: 1 gallon = 3,785.41 mL.

Calculate the total volume in milliliters by multiplying 42 gallons by the conversion factor.

Use the density formula, \( \text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}} \), to find the mass in grams. Rearrange the formula to \( \text{Mass} = \text{Density} \times \text{Volume} \).

Substitute the density (0.85 g/mL) and the total volume in milliliters into the mass formula to calculate the mass in grams.

Convert the mass from grams to kilograms by dividing the mass in grams by 1,000, since 1 kg = 1,000 g.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Density

Density is defined as mass per unit volume, typically expressed in grams per milliliter (g/mL) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). It is a crucial property that helps determine how much mass is contained in a given volume of a substance. In this question, the density of crude oil is given as 0.85 g/mL, which will be used to calculate the mass of the oil based on its volume.

Volume Conversion

Volume conversion involves changing a measurement from one unit to another, which is essential when dealing with different systems of measurement. In this case, the volume of crude oil is given in barrels, and we need to convert it to a compatible unit (milliliters or liters) to use the density for mass calculation. Knowing that 1 barrel equals 42 gallons and that 1 gallon is approximately 3.78541 liters will facilitate this conversion.

Mass Calculation

Mass calculation in chemistry often involves using the formula: mass = density × volume. Once the volume of crude oil is converted to a compatible unit, this formula allows us to find the mass of the oil. The final result should be expressed in kilograms, requiring a conversion from grams if necessary, as the density is initially provided in g/mL.

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A bag of Hershey's Kisses contains the following information:

Serving size: 9 pieces = 41 g

Calories per serving: 230

Total fat per serving: 13 g

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A bag of Hershey's Kisses contains the following information:

Serving size: 9 pieces = 41 g

Calories per serving: 230

Total fat per serving: 13 g

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