Ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, is a very soluble salt in water. (c) If you dissolve 14 g of ammonium chloride in 500.0 mL of water, what is the molar concentration of the solution?

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Calculate the molar mass of NH_4Cl by adding the atomic masses of nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), and chlorine (Cl).

Convert the mass of NH_4Cl from grams to moles using the molar mass calculated in the previous step.

Convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters, since molarity is expressed in moles per liter.

Use the formula for molarity: M = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{liters of solution}} to find the molar concentration.

Substitute the values obtained for moles of NH_4Cl and volume of solution in liters into the molarity formula to calculate the molar concentration.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Molarity

Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed in moles per liter (mol/L). To calculate molarity, you need to know the amount of solute in moles and the volume of the solution in liters.

Moles and Molar Mass

A mole is a unit in chemistry that represents 6.022 x 10²³ entities (Avogadro's number) of a substance. The molar mass of a compound, calculated from the atomic masses of its constituent elements, allows you to convert grams of the substance to moles, which is essential for determining concentration.

Dilution and Solution Preparation

Dilution involves adding solvent to a solution to decrease its concentration. When preparing a solution, it is important to accurately measure both the solute and the solvent to achieve the desired molarity. Understanding how to properly mix and calculate concentrations is crucial for accurate solution preparation.

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