Textbook Question
Consider the following table of standard electrode potentials for a series of hypothetical reactions in an aqueous solution: reduction half-reaction E °(V) (c) Which substance(s) can oxidize C2+?
Ch.20 - Electrochemistry
Chapter 20, Problem 9
(a) What is an electrolytic cell? (b) The negative terminal of a voltage source is connected to an electrode of an electrolytic cell. Is the electrode the anode or the cathode of the cell? Explain.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of an electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell is a type of electrochemical cell that uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. It consists of two electrodes (anode and cathode) immersed in an electrolyte solution.
Step 2: Identify the role of the electrodes in an electrolytic cell. In an electrolytic cell, the anode is the electrode where oxidation occurs, and the cathode is the electrode where reduction occurs.
Step 3: Determine the connection of the voltage source. In an electrolytic cell, the negative terminal of the voltage source is connected to the cathode, and the positive terminal is connected to the anode.
Step 4: Explain the reasoning. The negative terminal of the voltage source provides electrons, which flow to the cathode, causing reduction to occur at the cathode. Therefore, the electrode connected to the negative terminal is the cathode.
Step 5: Summarize the findings. In an electrolytic cell, the electrode connected to the negative terminal of the voltage source is the cathode, where reduction takes place.
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Electrolytic Cell
An electrolytic cell is a type of electrochemical cell that uses an external voltage source to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. In this cell, electrical energy is converted into chemical energy, facilitating processes such as electrolysis. The cell consists of two electrodes immersed in an electrolyte solution, where oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction occurs at the cathode.
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The Electrolytic Cell
Electrode Designation
In an electrolytic cell, the electrodes are designated as anode and cathode based on the direction of electron flow. The anode is the electrode where oxidation occurs, and it is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source. Conversely, the cathode is where reduction takes place and is connected to the negative terminal, attracting cations from the electrolyte.
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Current Flow and Electrode Behavior
The behavior of electrodes in an electrolytic cell is influenced by the flow of current. When the negative terminal of a voltage source is connected to an electrode, that electrode becomes the cathode, where reduction occurs. This is because electrons flow from the negative terminal to the cathode, allowing cations in the electrolyte to gain electrons and be reduced.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Consider the following voltaic cell:
(c) What is the change in the cell voltage when the ion concentrations in the cathode half-cell are increased by a factor of 10?
Textbook Question
The electrodes in a silver oxide battery are silver oxide 1Ag2O2 and zinc (b) Which battery do you think has an energy density most similar to the silver oxide battery: a Li-ion battery, a nickel– cadmium battery, or a lead–acid battery? [Section 20.7]
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Textbook Question
Bars of iron are put into each of the three beakers as shown here. In which beaker—A, B, or C—would you expect the iron to show the most corrosion ? [Section 20.8]
Textbook Question
Magnesium, the element, is produced commercially by electrolysis from a molten salt (the 'electrolyte') using a cell similar to the one shown here. (a) What is the most common oxidation number for Mg when it is part of a salt?
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