Chloropropane is derived from propane by substituting Cl for H on one of the carbon atoms. (b) Suggest names for these two compounds.

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insert step 1> Identify the structure of propane, which is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula C_3H_8.

insert step 2> Recognize that chloropropane is formed by substituting one hydrogen atom in propane with a chlorine atom.

insert step 3> Determine the possible positions for the chlorine substitution on the propane chain, which can be on the first or second carbon atom.

insert step 4> Name the compound where chlorine is attached to the first carbon as 1-chloropropane.

insert step 5> Name the compound where chlorine is attached to the second carbon as 2-chloropropane.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Substitution Reactions

Substitution reactions involve the replacement of one atom or group in a molecule with another atom or group. In the case of chloropropane, a chlorine atom (Cl) replaces a hydrogen atom (H) in propane. This type of reaction is common in organic chemistry and is crucial for understanding how different functional groups can modify the properties of a compound.

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

The nomenclature of organic compounds follows specific rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). For chloropropane, the name indicates the presence of chlorine and the parent hydrocarbon propane. Understanding these naming conventions is essential for accurately identifying and communicating about organic molecules.

Isomerism

Isomerism refers to the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or configurations. In the case of chloropropane, different isomers can arise depending on which hydrogen atom is replaced by chlorine. Recognizing isomers is important for understanding the diversity of organic compounds and their distinct chemical behaviors.

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Textbook Question

Consider the following organic substances: ethylethanoate, ethylmethylether, hexanol, and propanone. (a) Which of these molecules contains three carbons?

Textbook Question

Consider the following organic substances: ethylethanoate, ethylmethylether, hexanol, and propanone. (b) Which of these molecules contain a C = O group?

Textbook Question

Chloropropane is derived from propane by substituting Cl for H on one of the carbon atoms. (a) Draw the structural formulas for the two isomers of chloropropane.

Textbook Question

Suppose a scientist repeats the Millikan oil-drop experiment but reports the charges on the drops using an unusual (and imaginary) unit called the warmomb (wa). The scientist obtains the following data for four of the drops: Droplet Calculated Charge (wa) A 3.84⨉10⁻⁸ B 4.80⨉10⁻⁸ C 2.88⨉10⁻⁸ D 8.64⨉10⁻⁸ (a) If all the droplets were the same size, which would fall most slowly through the apparatus?

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Textbook Question

Suppose a scientist repeats the Millikan oil-drop experiment but reports the charges on the drops using an unusual (and imaginary) unit called the warmomb (wa). The scientist obtains the following data for four of the drops: Droplet Calculated Charge (wa) A 3.84⨉10⁻⁸ B 4.80⨉10⁻⁸ C 2.88⨉10⁻⁸ D 8.64⨉10⁻⁸ (b) From these data, what is the best choice for the charge of the electron in warmombs?