A chemist finds that 30.82 g of nitrogen will react with 17.60, 35.20, 70.40, or 88.00 g of oxygen to form four different compounds. (a) Calculate the mass of oxygen per gram of nitrogen in each compound. 30.82 g N and 35.20 g O

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Identify the given masses of nitrogen and oxygen: 30.82 g of nitrogen and 35.20 g of oxygen.

Understand that you need to find the mass of oxygen per gram of nitrogen for the given compound.

Set up the ratio of the mass of oxygen to the mass of nitrogen: \( \frac{\text{mass of oxygen}}{\text{mass of nitrogen}} = \frac{35.20 \text{ g}}{30.82 \text{ g}} \).

Simplify the ratio to find the mass of oxygen per gram of nitrogen.

Express the simplified ratio as the mass of oxygen per 1 gram of nitrogen.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows chemists to calculate the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction based on balanced chemical equations. Understanding stoichiometry is essential for determining how much oxygen reacts with a given mass of nitrogen in this scenario.

Mass Ratio

The mass ratio is a comparison of the mass of one substance to the mass of another substance in a chemical reaction. In this case, calculating the mass of oxygen per gram of nitrogen involves finding the ratio of the mass of oxygen to the mass of nitrogen. This concept is crucial for understanding how different compounds can form from varying amounts of reactants.

Chemical Compounds

Chemical compounds are substances formed when two or more elements chemically bond together in fixed proportions. The different masses of oxygen reacting with a constant mass of nitrogen indicate the formation of different compounds, which can have distinct properties. Recognizing how these compounds differ based on their elemental composition is key to interpreting the results of the reaction.

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Sodium reacts with oxygen in air to form two compounds: sodium oxide and sodium peroxide. In forming sodium oxide, 23.0 g of sodium combines with 8.0 g of hydrogen. In forming sodium peroxide, 23.0 g of sodium combines with 16.0 g of oxygen. (b) What fundamental law does this experiment demonstrate?

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Textbook Question

A chemist finds that 30.82 g of nitrogen will react with 17.60, 35.20, 70.40, or 88.00 g of oxygen to form four different compounds. (a) Calculate the mass of oxygen per gram of nitrogen in each compound. 30.82 g N and 17.60 g O

Textbook Question

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Textbook Question

A chemist finds that 30.82 g of nitrogen will react with 17.60, 35.20, 70.40, or 88.00 g of oxygen to form four different compounds. (b) How do the numbers in part (a) support Dalton's atomic theory?

Textbook Question

In a series of experiments, a chemist prepared three different compounds that contain only iodine and fluorine and determined the mass of each element in each compound: Compound Mass of Iodine (g) Mass of Fluorine (g) 1 4.75 3.56 2 7.64 3.43 3 9.41 9.86 (a) Calculate the mass of fluorine per gram of iodine in Compound 3.