Textbook Question
Predict whether aqueous solutions of the following substances are acidic, basic, or neutral: (c) NaClO
1
views
Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria
Chapter 16, Problem 85
An unknown salt is either NaF, NaCl, or NaOCl. When 0.050 mol of the salt is dissolved in water to form 0.500 L of solution, the pH of the solution is 8.08. What is the identity of the salt?
Verified step by step guidance1
Determine the nature of each salt in terms of its ability to affect the pH of a solution. NaF is a salt formed from a strong base (NaOH) and a weak acid (HF), NaCl comes from a strong base (NaOH) and a strong acid (HCl), and NaOCl is formed from a strong base (NaOH) and a weak acid (HOCl).
Understand that NaCl, being a neutral salt from a strong acid and strong base, does not affect the pH of the solution. It will remain neutral at pH 7.
Recognize that NaF will hydrolyze in water because it is a salt of a weak acid. The fluoride ion (F-) will react with water to form HF and OH- (hydroxide ions), making the solution basic.
Consider that NaOCl will also hydrolyze in water. The hypochlorite ion (OCl-) will react with water to form HOCl and OH-, increasing the pH of the solution.
Compare the pH of the solution (8.08) to typical pH values expected from these reactions. A pH of 8.08 suggests a weakly basic solution, which aligns with the hydrolysis of either NaF or NaOCl. Determine which of these salts, when hydrolyzed, would most closely produce a pH of 8.08.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Video duration:
11mWas this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
pH and pOH
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. A pH of 7 is neutral, below 7 is acidic, and above 7 is basic. The pOH is related to pH through the equation pH + pOH = 14, which helps in understanding the balance of hydroxide and hydrogen ions in the solution.
Recommended video:
Guided course
02:09
pH and pOH Calculations
Salt Hydrolysis
Salt hydrolysis occurs when an ionic compound dissolves in water and reacts with water to produce either acidic or basic solutions. The nature of the ions from the salt determines whether the solution will be acidic, neutral, or basic. For example, NaF produces fluoride ions that can react with water to form hydroxide ions, leading to a basic solution.
Recommended video:
Guided course
00:50Ionic Salts
Identifying Ions in Salts
Identifying the ions present in a salt is crucial for determining its properties in solution. In this case, NaF, NaCl, and NaOCl dissociate into different ions: NaF yields Na+ and F-, NaCl yields Na+ and Cl-, and NaOCl yields Na+ and OCl-. The behavior of these ions in water, particularly their ability to affect pH, helps in identifying the unknown salt based on the measured pH.
Recommended video:
Guided course
00:50Ionic Salts
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Predict whether aqueous solutions of the following substances are acidic, basic, or neutral: (d) 3CH3NH34NO3
Textbook Question
Predict whether aqueous solutions of the following substances are acidic, basic, or neutral: (e) Na2SO3.
Textbook Question
An unknown salt is either KBr, NH4Cl, KCN, or K2CO3. If a 0.100 M solution of the salt is neutral, what is the identity of the salt?