Textbook Question
(c) Employing the values of average bond enthalpy in Table 8.3, estimate the overall enthalpy change for converting PVC to diamond.
Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials
Chapter 12, Problem 131a,c
One method to synthesize ionic solids is by the heating of two reactants at high temperatures. Consider the reaction of FeO with TiO2 to form FeTiO3. Determine the amount of each of the two reactants to prepare 2.500 g FeTiO3, assuming the reaction goes to completion. (a) Write a balanced chemical reaction. (c) Determine the moles of FeTiO3.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. The reaction between FeO and TiO2 to form FeTiO3 can be represented as: FeO + TiO2 → FeTiO3.
Step 2: Calculate the molar mass of FeTiO3. To do this, add the atomic masses of iron (Fe), titanium (Ti), and three oxygen (O) atoms. Use the periodic table to find these atomic masses.
Step 3: Convert the mass of FeTiO3 to moles. Use the formula: \( \text{moles of FeTiO}_3 = \frac{\text{mass of FeTiO}_3}{\text{molar mass of FeTiO}_3} \). Substitute the given mass (2.500 g) and the molar mass calculated in Step 2.
Step 4: Use stoichiometry to determine the moles of each reactant needed. From the balanced equation, note that 1 mole of FeO reacts with 1 mole of TiO2 to produce 1 mole of FeTiO3. Therefore, the moles of FeO and TiO2 required are equal to the moles of FeTiO3 calculated in Step 3.
Step 5: Calculate the mass of each reactant needed. Use the formula: \( \text{mass} = \text{moles} \times \text{molar mass} \). Calculate the molar masses of FeO and TiO2, then multiply by the moles of each reactant determined in Step 4 to find the required mass of FeO and TiO2.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows chemists to calculate the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction based on balanced chemical equations. Understanding stoichiometry is essential for determining how much of each reactant is needed to produce a desired amount of product.
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Balanced Chemical Equation
A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. This ensures the law of conservation of mass is upheld, meaning that matter is neither created nor destroyed in the reaction. Writing a balanced equation is crucial for accurately calculating the moles of reactants and products involved in the synthesis of compounds.
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Molar Mass
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule. Knowing the molar mass of reactants and products is vital for converting between grams and moles, which is necessary for stoichiometric calculations in chemical reactions.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Silicon has the diamond structure with a unit cell edge length of 5.43 Å and eight atoms per unit cell. (a) How many silicon atoms are there in 1 cm3 of material?
Textbook Question
Silicon has the diamond structure with a unit cell edge length of 5.43 Å and eight atoms per unit cell. (b) Suppose you dope that 1 cm3 sample of silicon with 1 ppm of phosphorus that will increase the conductivity by a factor of a million. How many milligrams of phosphorus are required?
Textbook Question
One method to synthesize ionic solids is by the heating of two reactants at high temperatures. Consider the reaction of FeO with TiO2 to form FeTiO3. Determine the amount of each of the two reactants to prepare 2.500 g FeTiO3, assuming the reaction goes to completion. (b) Calculate the formula weight of FeTiO3.
Textbook Question
One method to synthesize ionic solids is by the heating of two reactants at high temperatures. Consider the reaction of FeO with TiO2 to form FeTiO3. Determine the amount of each of the two reactants to prepare 2.500 g FeTiO3, assuming the reaction goes to completion. (d) Determine moles and mass (g) of FeO required.