Sodium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide as follows: 2 NaOH(s) + CO 2 (g) → Na 2 CO 3 (s) + H 2 O(l) Which is the limiting reactant when 1.85 mol NaOH and 1.00 mol CO 2 are allowed to react?

Hi everyone today, we have a question telling us given the following chemical reaction, identify the limiting reactant based on each initial amount provided. So we're going to rewrite our chemical equation. We have aluminum solid plus oxygen gashes forms aluminum oxide solid. So if we notice on our react inside we have two oxygen, which means we need an even number. So we're going to fix that by putting a two in front of our aluminum oxide and we can put a three in front of our oxygen to balance that and then a four in front of our aluminum. And now we can start with our equations. So starting with a we have 15 moles of aluminum times are multiple ratio. So two moles of aluminum oxide over four moles of aluminum and our moles of aluminum are going to cancel out and that's going to equal 7.5 moles of aluminum oxide. And now for our oxygen we have 11 moles of oxygen. And we're going to multiply by our multiple ratio. So two moles of aluminum oxide over three moles of oxygen and our moles of oxygen are going to cancel out. And that's going to give us 7. moles of aluminum oxide and are less amount here is given to us by the oxygen. So our answer for a is oxygen. Now we're going to move on to be. So we have three moles of aluminum Times are multiple ratio. So two moles of aluminum oxide over four moles of aluminum and our moles of aluminum are going to cancel out And give us 1.5 moles of aluminum oxide. And then we have two moles of oxygen Times are multiple ratio. So two moles of aluminum oxide. Over three moles of oxygen equals 1. moles of aluminum oxide. And that gives us the lesser number. So our answer for B is oxygen. And now we're going to move on to see. So we have 3.7 moles of aluminum times are multiple ratio. So two moles of aluminum oxide Over four moles of aluminum And that equals 1. moles of aluminum oxide. And then we have 3.2 moles of oxygen. And we're gonna multiply that by our multiple ratio. So two moles of aluminum oxide over three moles of oxygen. And that gives us 2. moles of aluminum oxide. So our lesser amount here is the 1.85. So our answer for C is aluminum. And lastly we have D. So we have two moles of aluminum Times are multiple ratio. So two moles of aluminum oxide over four moles of aluminum equals one mole of aluminum oxide. And for oxygen, we have two moles of oxygen times two moles of aluminum oxide over three moles of oxygen. And that equals 1. moles of aluminum oxide. So that is our greater number. So our answer here is going to be aluminum as well. Thank you for watching. Bye

Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

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Brown 14th Edition

Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

Problem 77a

Chapter 3, Problem 77a

Sodium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide as follows: 2 NaOH(s) + CO₂(g) →Na₂CO₃(s) + H₂O(l) Which is the limiting reactant when 1.85 mol NaOH and 1.00 mol CO₂ are allowed to react?

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the balanced chemical equation: 2 NaOH(s) + CO2(g) → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(l). This equation shows that 2 moles of NaOH react with 1 mole of CO2.

Determine the mole ratio from the balanced equation: For every 2 moles of NaOH, 1 mole of CO2 is required.

Calculate the moles of NaOH needed to completely react with the given moles of CO2: Since you have 1.00 mol of CO2, you need 2.00 moles of NaOH (using the 2:1 ratio).

Compare the available moles of NaOH to the moles required: You have 1.85 mol of NaOH available, but you need 2.00 mol to react with all of the CO2.

Conclude which reactant is limiting: Since you do not have enough NaOH to react with all the CO2, NaOH is the limiting reactant.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Limiting Reactant

The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, thus determining the maximum amount of product that can be formed. To identify it, one must compare the mole ratio of the reactants used in the reaction to the stoichiometric coefficients from the balanced equation.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced chemical equation. It involves using mole ratios derived from the coefficients of the balanced equation to determine how much of each reactant is needed or how much product can be formed.

Mole Concept

The mole concept is a fundamental principle in chemistry that relates the mass of a substance to the number of particles it contains. One mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number (approximately 6.022 x 10²³) of entities, allowing chemists to convert between grams and moles to facilitate stoichiometric calculations.