Multiple Choice
Determine the O–N–O bond angle for N2O4, which exists as O2N–NO2.
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory
Bond Angles
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Which of the following is a false statement about double bonds?
A
A double bond consists of one σ bond and one π bond.
B
The π bond in a double bond is formed by the overlap of two unhybridized p orbitals.
C
A double bond has restricted rotation.
D
A double bond is stronger than a single bond.
E
The bond length of a double bond is greater than that of a single bond.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the nature of a double bond: A double bond consists of one sigma (σ) bond and one pi (π) bond. The σ bond is formed by the head-on overlap of orbitals, while the π bond is formed by the side-to-side overlap of unhybridized p orbitals.
Recognize the characteristics of a π bond: The π bond in a double bond restricts rotation around the bond axis because the side-to-side overlap of p orbitals must be maintained for the bond to exist.
Compare bond strengths: A double bond is generally stronger than a single bond because it involves more electron sharing (one σ and one π bond) compared to a single bond, which only has one σ bond.
Analyze bond lengths: Double bonds are shorter than single bonds because the additional π bond pulls the bonded atoms closer together, increasing the electron density between them.
Identify the false statement: The statement 'The bond length of a double bond is greater than that of a single bond' is false because, in reality, double bonds are shorter than single bonds due to the additional π bond.
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