Open Question
Which term describes a substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in solution?
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium
Lewis Acids and Bases
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Which of the following illustrates a conjugate acid–base pair?
A
HCl / NaOH
B
HCl / NH3
C
HNO2 / NO2–
D
H2CO3 / OH–
E
HC2H3O2 / H2O
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the concept of a conjugate acid-base pair: A conjugate acid-base pair consists of two species that differ by a single proton (H+). The acid donates a proton to become its conjugate base, and the base accepts a proton to become its conjugate acid.
Examine each pair to determine if they differ by a single proton: For each given pair, check if one species can be converted into the other by the gain or loss of a proton.
Analyze the pair HNO2 / NO2–: HNO2 can donate a proton (H+) to form NO2–, making them a conjugate acid-base pair.
Consider the other pairs: HCl / NaOH, HCl / NH3, H2CO3 / OH–, and HC2H3O2 / H2O. Determine if any of these pairs differ by a single proton. For example, HCl and NaOH do not form a conjugate pair as they do not differ by a single proton.
Conclude with the correct pair: After analyzing each pair, confirm that HNO2 / NO2– is the only pair that fits the definition of a conjugate acid-base pair, as they differ by a single proton.
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