Multiple Choice
Name the oxyacid created from the reaction between phosphorus trichloride and 3 moles of water.
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals
Nitrogen Family Reactions
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Which of the following allotropes of phosphorus has a crystalline structure similar to that of graphite?
A
red
B
black
C
white
D
None of the above, all have a tetrahedral structure.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of allotropes: Allotropes are different structural forms of the same element, where atoms are bonded together in different ways. Phosphorus has several allotropes, each with distinct properties.
Identify the structure of graphite: Graphite is composed of layers of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. These layers are held together by weak van der Waals forces, allowing them to slide over each other, which gives graphite its lubricating properties.
Examine the structure of black phosphorus: Black phosphorus has a layered structure similar to graphite. It consists of sheets of phosphorus atoms arranged in a puckered lattice, which allows for similar sliding between layers.
Compare the structures: Red phosphorus is amorphous or polymeric, lacking a layered structure. White phosphorus consists of P4 tetrahedra, which is very different from the layered structure of graphite.
Conclude which allotrope is similar to graphite: Based on the structural comparison, black phosphorus is the allotrope with a crystalline structure similar to that of graphite, due to its layered arrangement.
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