The allowable concentration level of vinyl chloride, C 2 H 3 Cl, in the atmosphere in a chemical plant is 2.0⨉10 −6 g/L. How many molecules per liter?

Hey everyone, we're told that acetic acid, the acid found in vinegar has a density of 1.5 g per cubic centimeters. Were asked to calculate the number of molecules of acetic acid present in ml of acetic acid. First, we're going to want to recognize that one millimeter is equivalent to one cc. And since we have this relationship, we can go from Male leaders two cubic cm two g, then to moles and then finally into molecules. Now in order to go from grams to moles, we're going to need to calculate the molar mass of acetic acid. So looking at acetic acid and our periodic table, we can see that we have two of carbon, which we're going to multiply by its atomic mass of 12.01 g per mole. This will get us to a value of 24.02 g per mole. Now, looking at our hydrogen, We can see that we have four of hydrogen and we're going to multiply that by its atomic mass of 1.008 g per mole. Which will get us to a total of 4.032 g per mole. And finally looking at our oxygen, we have two of oxygen, which we're going to multiply By 16.0 g per mole, which will get us to a total of Calculating this out, we're going to end up with a total molar mass of 60. g per mole. Now that we've calculated our molar mass. Let's go ahead and start our dimensional analysis. Starting off with our 164 ml of acetic acid. We're going to convert this into cubic centimeters And we know that one mil leader consists of one cc. And since we have our density, We know that we have 1.05 g per one cc of acetic acid. Now plugging in our molar mass, we know that we have 60.052 grams of acetic acid Per one mole of acetic acid. And now to convert moles into molecules, we're going to use avocados number here And we know that we have 6.02, 2 times 10 to the 23rd Molecules of acetic acid per one mole. Now, when we calculate this out and cancel out our units, we're going to end up with a total of 1.73 times 10 to the molecules of acetic acid, which is going to be our final answer. So I hope this made sense. And let us know if you have any questions

Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

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Brown 14th Edition

Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

Problem 43b

Chapter 3, Problem 43b

The allowable concentration level of vinyl chloride, C₂H₃Cl, in the atmosphere in a chemical plant is 2.0⨉10⁻⁶ g/L. How many molecules per liter?

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First, understand that the problem requires converting the concentration from grams per liter to molecules per liter. This involves using the molar mass of vinyl chloride and Avogadro's number.

Calculate the molar mass of vinyl chloride, C2H3Cl. Add the atomic masses of all the atoms in the molecule: 2 carbon atoms, 3 hydrogen atoms, and 1 chlorine atom.

Convert the given concentration from grams per liter to moles per liter by dividing the concentration (2.0⨉10−6 g/L) by the molar mass of vinyl chloride.

Use Avogadro's number (6.022⨉10^23 molecules/mol) to convert the concentration from moles per liter to molecules per liter. Multiply the moles per liter by Avogadro's number.

The result from the previous step will give you the number of molecules of vinyl chloride per liter in the atmosphere.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Molar Mass Calculation

To convert grams of a substance to moles, one must first calculate its molar mass. For vinyl chloride (C2H3Cl), the molar mass is the sum of the atomic masses of its constituent elements: carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and chlorine (Cl). This is essential for determining how many moles correspond to a given mass, which is a crucial step in converting to molecules.

Avogadro's Number

Avogadro's number, approximately 6.022 × 10²³, is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, etc.) in one mole of a substance. This constant allows chemists to convert between moles and the number of molecules, making it fundamental for calculations involving concentrations and amounts of substances in chemical reactions.

Concentration Units

Concentration is a measure of how much solute is present in a given volume of solution, commonly expressed in units like grams per liter (g/L). Understanding how to manipulate these units is crucial for converting concentration values into different forms, such as molecules per liter, which is necessary for answering the question about vinyl chloride levels in the atmosphere.

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A sample of the male sex hormone testosterone, C₁₉H₂₈O₂, contains 3.88×10²¹ hydrogen atoms. (b) How many molecules of testosterone does it contain?

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A sample of the male sex hormone testosterone, C₁₉H₂₈O₂, contains 3.88×10²¹ hydrogen atoms. (c) How many moles of testosterone does it contain? (d) What is the mass of this sample in grams?

Textbook Question

The allowable concentration level of vinyl chloride, C₂H₃Cl, in the atmosphere in a chemical plant is 2.0×10⁻⁶ g/L. How many moles of vinyl chloride in each liter does this represent?

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At least 25 mg of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in marijuana, is required to produce intoxication. The molecular formula of THC is C₂₁H₃₀O₂. How many moles of THC does this 25 mg represent?

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At least 25 mg of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in marijuana, is required to produce intoxication. The molecular formula of THC is C₂₁H₃₀O₂. How many molecules?

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Give the empirical formula of each of the following compounds if a sample contains (a) 0.052 mol C, 0.103 mol H, and 0.017 mol O

The allowable concentration level of vinyl chloride, C2H3Cl, in the atmosphere in a chemical plant is 2.0⨉10−6 g/L. How many molecules per liter?

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Molar Mass Calculation

Avogadro's Number

Concentration Units

The allowable concentration level of vinyl chloride, C₂H₃Cl, in the atmosphere in a chemical plant is 2.0⨉10⁻⁶ g/L. How many molecules per liter?