Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

3. Chemical Reactions

Balancing Chemical Equations

General Chemistry

3. Chemical Reactions

Balancing Chemical Equations

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correctly balanced chemical equation for the reaction between barium hydroxide and nitric acid?

Ba(OH)₂(aq) + HNO₃(aq) → Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂O(l)

Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2 HNO₃(aq) → Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2 H₂O(l)

Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2 HNO₃(aq) → Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂O(l)

2 Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2 HNO₃(aq) → 2 Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2 H₂O(l)

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Verified step by step guidance

Identify the reactants and products in the chemical equation: Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)₂) and nitric acid (HNO₃) are the reactants, while barium nitrate (Ba(NO₃)₂) and water (H₂O) are the products.

Write the unbalanced chemical equation: Ba(OH)₂(aq) + HNO₃(aq) → Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂O(l).

Count the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. Initially, you have 1 Ba, 2 OH, 1 H, and 1 NO₃ on the reactant side, and 1 Ba, 2 NO₃, and 2 H (from H₂O) on the product side.

Balance the equation by adjusting coefficients. Start by balancing the nitrate ions (NO₃). You need 2 NO₃ on the reactant side, so place a coefficient of 2 in front of HNO₃: Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2 HNO₃(aq) → Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂O(l).

Check the balance of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. You now have 2 H from 2 HNO₃ and 2 OH from Ba(OH)₂, which combine to form 2 H₂O. Adjust the coefficient of H₂O to 2 to balance the equation: Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2 HNO₃(aq) → Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2 H₂O(l).