Multiple Choice
What type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Chemical Bonds
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Which type of chemical bond holds the atoms together within a molecule of water?
A
Ionic bond
B
Hydrogen bond
C
Covalent bond
D
Metallic bond
Verified step by step guidance1
Begin by understanding the types of chemical bonds: Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, typically between metals and non-metals. Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, usually non-metals. Metallic bonds occur between metal atoms, involving a 'sea of electrons'. Hydrogen bonds are weak interactions between molecules, not within them.
Identify the elements in a water molecule: Water (H₂O) consists of hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O), both of which are non-metals.
Consider the nature of the bond between hydrogen and oxygen: Since both are non-metals, they are likely to share electrons rather than transfer them, which is characteristic of covalent bonding.
Visualize the structure of a water molecule: In H₂O, each hydrogen atom shares an electron with the oxygen atom, forming two covalent bonds. This sharing allows each atom to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Conclude that within a water molecule, the atoms are held together by covalent bonds, as the electrons are shared between hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
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