Multiple Choice
Which type of bond is generally stronger: covalent or hydrogen?
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Chemical Bonds
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Which statement describes how a covalent molecule is formed?
A
Atoms transfer electrons to achieve a full outer shell.
B
Atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell.
C
Atoms gain electrons to form negative ions.
D
Atoms lose electrons to form positive ions.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of covalent bonding: Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell, typically aiming for the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas.
Identify the key difference between covalent and ionic bonds: In covalent bonds, electrons are shared between atoms, whereas in ionic bonds, electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of ions.
Recognize the goal of electron sharing: Atoms share electrons in covalent bonds to fill their valence shell, achieving stability similar to noble gases, which have complete outer electron shells.
Consider examples of covalent molecules: Common examples include water (H₂O), where oxygen shares electrons with hydrogen atoms, and carbon dioxide (CO₂), where carbon shares electrons with oxygen atoms.
Review the incorrect options: Atoms gaining or losing electrons to form ions is characteristic of ionic bonding, not covalent bonding, which involves sharing electrons.
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