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Multiple Choice
How are ionic and covalent bonds different?
A
Ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons, while covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons.
B
Ionic bonds form between nonmetals, while covalent bonds form between metals.
C
Both ionic and covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons equally.
D
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the basic definitions: Ionic bonds are formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of ions. Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share electrons.
Identify the types of elements involved: Ionic bonds typically form between metals and nonmetals, where metals lose electrons to become positively charged cations and nonmetals gain electrons to become negatively charged anions.
Recognize the nature of electron interaction: In ionic bonds, the transfer of electrons leads to the formation of oppositely charged ions that attract each other. In covalent bonds, atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell, often forming molecules.
Consider the properties of compounds: Ionic compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points and conduct electricity when dissolved in water. Covalent compounds usually have lower melting and boiling points and do not conduct electricity in solution.
Review examples: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an example of an ionic compound, where sodium transfers an electron to chlorine. Water (H₂O) is an example of a covalent compound, where oxygen shares electrons with hydrogen atoms.