Multiple Choice
What happens when a covalent bond forms?
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Chemical Bonds
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What is the primary difference between a polar and nonpolar covalent bond?
A
Polar covalent bonds occur between metals, while nonpolar covalent bonds occur between nonmetals.
B
Polar covalent bonds have higher bond energies than nonpolar covalent bonds.
C
Polar covalent bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons, while nonpolar covalent bonds involve equal sharing of electrons.
D
Polar covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while nonpolar covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of covalent bonds: Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share electrons. This sharing allows each atom to attain the electron configuration of a noble gas, achieving stability.
Differentiate between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds: In a nonpolar covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms. This typically occurs when the atoms involved have similar electronegativities.
Identify the characteristics of polar covalent bonds: In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are shared unequally. This happens when one atom has a higher electronegativity than the other, causing a partial charge separation within the molecule.
Recognize the role of electronegativity: Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons. The greater the difference in electronegativity between two atoms, the more polar the bond will be.
Clarify the misconception: The primary difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds is not related to the type of elements involved (metals vs. nonmetals) or the bond energies, but rather the equality or inequality in the sharing of electrons.
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