Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

14. Solutions

The Colligative Properties

General Chemistry

14. Solutions

The Colligative Properties

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following compound will have the highest vapor pressure?

0.45 m dinitrogen pentoxide

0.10 m aluminum chloride

0.50 m iron (III) perchlorate

0.15 m calcium phosphate

0.30 m Potassium sulfide

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Understand that vapor pressure is influenced by the number of solute particles in solution. More particles generally lead to a lower vapor pressure due to the colligative property known as Raoult's Law.

Identify the van't Hoff factor (i) for each compound, which represents the number of particles the compound dissociates into in solution. For example, aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) dissociates into 4 ions: 1 Al³⁺ and 3 Cl⁻.

Calculate the effective molality for each compound by multiplying the given molality by the van't Hoff factor. This will give you an idea of the total concentration of particles in solution.

Compare the effective molalities: the compound with the lowest effective molality will have the highest vapor pressure, as fewer solute particles mean less lowering of the vapor pressure.

Determine which compound has the lowest effective molality and thus the highest vapor pressure. This will be the compound with the least number of dissociated particles in solution.

2:43m

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