Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

2. Atoms & Elements

The Atom

General Chemistry

2. Atoms & Elements

The Atom

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Multiple Choice

What is the charge of a lithium ion, given that lithium's atomic number is 3?

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Verified step by step guidance

Identify the atomic number of lithium, which is 3. This means lithium has 3 protons in its nucleus.

Understand that in a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons. Therefore, a neutral lithium atom also has 3 electrons.

Recall that ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons. A positive ion (cation) is formed when an atom loses electrons.

Determine how many electrons lithium loses to form a stable ion. Lithium tends to lose 1 electron to achieve a stable electron configuration similar to helium, which has 2 electrons.

Conclude that when lithium loses 1 electron, it has 3 protons and 2 electrons, resulting in a net charge of +1, since the number of protons (positive charges) exceeds the number of electrons (negative charges) by one.