Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 36m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

14. Solutions

Solutions: Solubility and Intermolecular Forces

General Chemistry

14. Solutions

Solutions: Solubility and Intermolecular Forces

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Multiple Choice

Which process allows water to dissolve salt effectively?

Water molecules surround and separate the salt ions.

Water molecules react chemically with salt to form new compounds.

Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with salt ions.

Water molecules increase the temperature to dissolve salt.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the nature of salt dissolution: Salt, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), dissolves in water through a process called dissociation, where the ionic bonds between the sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl^-) ions are broken.

Recognize the role of water molecules: Water is a polar solvent, meaning it has a partial positive charge near the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge near the oxygen atom. This polarity allows water molecules to interact with the charged ions in salt.

Describe the interaction between water and salt ions: The positive end of the water molecule (near the hydrogen atoms) is attracted to the negatively charged chloride ions (Cl^-), while the negative end (near the oxygen atom) is attracted to the positively charged sodium ions (Na⁺).

Explain the process of hydration: Water molecules surround the individual salt ions, effectively separating them from the solid structure and keeping them in solution. This process is known as hydration.

Clarify why other options are incorrect: Water does not chemically react with salt to form new compounds, nor does it form hydrogen bonds with salt ions. Additionally, increasing temperature is not a direct mechanism by which water dissolves salt, although it can increase the rate of dissolution.