Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Quadratic Functions
The height of the stone is modeled by a quadratic function, which is a polynomial of degree two. Quadratic functions have a parabolic shape and can be expressed in the form s(t) = at² + bt + c. The coefficients a, b, and c determine the direction and position of the parabola, with 'a' indicating whether it opens upwards or downwards.
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Vertex of a Parabola
The maximum height of the stone corresponds to the vertex of the parabola represented by the quadratic function. For a downward-opening parabola (where a < 0), the vertex can be found using the formula t = -b/(2a). This point gives the time at which the maximum height occurs, which is crucial for solving the problem.
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Calculus and Optimization
Calculus provides tools for finding maximum and minimum values of functions, which is essential in this context. By taking the derivative of the height function and setting it to zero, we can find critical points that indicate where the maximum height occurs. This process is part of optimization, a key application of calculus in real-world scenarios.
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