a. Use a graphing utility to estimate lim x→0 tan 2x / sin x, lim x→0 tan 3x / sin x, and lim x→0 tan 4x / sin x.
Table of contents
- 0. Functions7h 52m
- Introduction to Functions16m
- Piecewise Functions10m
- Properties of Functions9m
- Common Functions1h 8m
- Transformations5m
- Combining Functions27m
- Exponent rules32m
- Exponential Functions28m
- Logarithmic Functions24m
- Properties of Logarithms34m
- Exponential & Logarithmic Equations35m
- Introduction to Trigonometric Functions38m
- Graphs of Trigonometric Functions44m
- Trigonometric Identities47m
- Inverse Trigonometric Functions48m
- 1. Limits and Continuity2h 2m
- 2. Intro to Derivatives1h 33m
- 3. Techniques of Differentiation3h 18m
- 4. Applications of Derivatives2h 38m
- 5. Graphical Applications of Derivatives6h 2m
- 6. Derivatives of Inverse, Exponential, & Logarithmic Functions2h 37m
- 7. Antiderivatives & Indefinite Integrals1h 26m
- 8. Definite Integrals4h 44m
- 9. Graphical Applications of Integrals2h 27m
- 10. Physics Applications of Integrals 3h 16m
- 11. Integrals of Inverse, Exponential, & Logarithmic Functions2h 34m
- 12. Techniques of Integration7h 39m
- 13. Intro to Differential Equations2h 55m
- 14. Sequences & Series5h 36m
- 15. Power Series2h 19m
- 16. Parametric Equations & Polar Coordinates7h 58m
1. Limits and Continuity
Introduction to Limits
Problem 2.1.22
Textbook Question
[Technology Exercise] 22. Make a table of values for the function at the points x=1.2, x=11/10, x=101/100, x=1001/1000, x=10001/10000, and x = 1.
a. Find the average rate of change of F(x) over the intervals [1,x] for each x≠1 in your table.
b. Extending the table if necessary, try to determine the rate of change of F(x) at x = 1.

1
First, identify the function F(x) that you need to evaluate at the given points. If the function is not provided, assume a general form or use a specific function from your textbook or exercise.
Create a table with two columns: one for the x-values (1.2, 11/10, 101/100, 1001/1000, 10001/10000, and 1) and another for the corresponding F(x) values. Calculate F(x) for each x-value using the function.
To find the average rate of change of F(x) over the intervals [1,x] for each x≠1, use the formula for the average rate of change: (F(x) - F(1)) / (x - 1). Compute this for each x-value in your table.
Extend the table if necessary by choosing x-values closer to 1, such as 100001/100000, to observe the behavior of the average rate of change as x approaches 1.
Analyze the pattern of the average rate of change as x approaches 1. This will help you determine the instantaneous rate of change of F(x) at x = 1, which is the derivative of F(x) at x = 1. Consider using limits to find this rate of change if needed.

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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Average Rate of Change
The average rate of change of a function over an interval [a, b] is calculated as the difference in the function's values at the endpoints divided by the difference in the input values. Mathematically, it is expressed as (F(b) - F(a)) / (b - a). This concept is crucial for understanding how a function behaves over a specified range and is foundational for analyzing functions in calculus.
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Limit and Instantaneous Rate of Change
The instantaneous rate of change of a function at a point is defined as the limit of the average rate of change as the interval shrinks to that point. This is formally represented using the derivative, where the derivative of F at x = a is given by F'(a) = lim (h -> 0) [(F(a + h) - F(a)) / h]. Understanding this concept is essential for determining how a function behaves at specific points.
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Intro To Related Rates
Function Evaluation
Function evaluation involves substituting a specific value into a function to determine its output. For example, if F(x) is a function, evaluating F(1) means finding the value of the function when x equals 1. This process is fundamental in creating tables of values and calculating rates of change, as it provides the necessary data points for analysis.
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