Textbook Question
The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems to a more natural state is known as
a. Restoration ecology
b. Thermodynamics
c. Eutrophication
d. Biogeochemistry
Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology
Urry11th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9789357423311
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle10
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance7
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth6
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life7
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea8
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants7
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development8
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition10
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System6
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction8
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology10
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
Chapter 55, Problem 6
The Hubbard Brook watershed deforestation experiment yielded all of the following results except which of the following?
a. Most minerals were recycled within a forest ecosystem.
b. Calcium levels remained high in the soil of deforested areas.
c. Deforestation increased water runoff.
d. The nitrate concentration in waters draining the deforested area became dangerously high.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context of the Hubbard Brook watershed deforestation experiment, which studied the effects of deforestation on nutrient cycling and water runoff in a forest ecosystem.
Review the typical results of deforestation experiments: increased water runoff due to lack of vegetation, changes in soil nutrient levels, and alterations in mineral recycling within the ecosystem.
Analyze each option given in the problem: a) Most minerals were recycled within a forest ecosystem, b) Calcium levels remained high in the soil of deforested areas, c) Deforestation increased water runoff, d) The nitrate concentration in waters draining the deforested area became dangerously high.
Consider the impact of deforestation on soil nutrients. Typically, deforestation leads to a decrease in soil nutrient levels, including calcium, due to increased erosion and runoff.
Identify the statement that does not align with the expected results of deforestation, focusing on the nutrient levels in the soil and water runoff changes.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nutrient Cycling in Forest Ecosystems
Nutrient cycling refers to the movement and exchange of organic and inorganic matter back into the production of living matter. In forest ecosystems, nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium are recycled through processes such as decomposition and uptake by plants. This recycling is crucial for maintaining soil fertility and ecosystem stability.
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03:25
Soil Nutrients
Effects of Deforestation on Soil and Water
Deforestation can significantly impact soil and water systems. It often leads to increased water runoff due to the loss of vegetation that would normally absorb rainfall. This can result in soil erosion and the leaching of nutrients, altering the chemical composition of both soil and nearby water bodies, potentially increasing nutrient concentrations like nitrates in water.
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08:29Water Potential in Soil and Air
Calcium Dynamics in Soil
Calcium is an essential nutrient for plant growth, and its availability in soil is influenced by factors such as weathering of rocks, organic matter decomposition, and human activities like deforestation. In deforested areas, calcium levels can be affected by increased leaching due to higher water runoff, which may lead to a decrease in soil calcium content over time.
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03:01Community Dynamics Example 1
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Nitrifying bacteria participate in the nitrogen cycle mainly by
a. Converting nitrogen gas to ammonia
b. Releasing ammonium from organic compounds, thus returning it to the soil
c. Converting ammonium to nitrate, which plants absorb
d. Incorporating nitrogen into amino acids and organic compounds
Textbook Question
Which of the following has the greatest effect on the rate of chemical cycling in an ecosystem?
a. The rate of decomposition in the ecosystem
b. The production efficiency of the ecosystem's consumers
c. The trophic efficiency of the ecosystem
d. The location of the nutrient reservoirs in the ecosystem
Textbook Question
Which of the following would be considered an example of bioremediation?
a. Adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded ecosystem to increase nitrogen availability
b. Using a bulldozer to regrade a strip mine
c. Reconfiguring the channel of a river
d. Adding seeds of a chromium-accumulating plant to soil contaminated by chromium
Textbook Question
If you applied a fungicide to a cornfield, what would you expect to happen to the rate of decomposition and net ecosystem production (NEP)?
a. Both decomposition rate and NEP would decrease.
b. Neither would change.
c. Decomposition rate would increase and NEP would decrease.
d. Decomposition rate would decrease and NEP would increase.