Textbook Question
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by ________.
a. Heating cells
b. Binding to substrates and placing stress on their bonds
c. Changing the shape of the cell
d. Supplying energy to the substrate
Ch. 4 - Body Weight and Health
Belk, Maier6th EditionBiology: Science for LifeISBN: 9780135214084
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Can Science Cure the Common Cold?12
- Ch. 2 - Science Fiction, Bad Science, and Pseudoscience12
- Ch. 3 - Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Performance and Health?10
- Ch. 4 - Body Weight and Health10
- Ch. 5 - Life in the Greenhouse10
- Ch. 6 - Cancer10
- Ch. 7 - Fertility10
- Ch. 8 - Does Testing Save Lives?10
- Ch. 9 - Biology of Wrongful Convictions10
- Ch. 10 - Genetically Modified Organisms10
- Ch. 11 - Where Did We Come From?13
- Ch. 12 - An Evolving Enemy8
- Ch. 13 - Understanding Race11
- Ch. 14 - The Greatest Species on Earth?8
- Ch. 15 - Is the Human Population Too Large?10
- Ch. 16 - Conserving Biodiversity12
- Ch. 17 - The Human Footprint10
Belk, Maier6th EditionBiology: Science for LifeISBN: 9780135214084Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 4, Problem 2
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates the breakdown of a disaccharide inside a cell. 
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Identify the disaccharide structure at the top of the image. It consists of two hexagonal rings connected by a bond, representing two monosaccharides linked together.
Label the two hexagonal rings as monosaccharides, which are the building blocks of disaccharides.
Label the bond between the two monosaccharides as a glycosidic bond, which is the type of bond that connects monosaccharides in a disaccharide.
Identify the green structure below the disaccharide as an enzyme, which facilitates the breakdown of the disaccharide.
Label the enzyme with its specific name, such as sucrase or lactase, depending on the type of disaccharide being broken down.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Disaccharides
Disaccharides are carbohydrates formed by the combination of two monosaccharides through a glycosidic bond. Common examples include sucrose (glucose + fructose) and lactose (glucose + galactose). Understanding their structure and how they break down is essential for grasping cellular metabolism and energy production.
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Formation & Breakdown of Polysaccharides
Enzymatic Breakdown
The breakdown of disaccharides in cells is facilitated by specific enzymes, such as sucrase and lactase. These enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis reaction, which splits the disaccharide into its constituent monosaccharides, making them available for cellular processes. This enzymatic action is crucial for digestion and energy release.
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Cellular Metabolism
Cellular metabolism encompasses all biochemical reactions occurring within a cell, including the breakdown of carbohydrates for energy. The products of disaccharide breakdown, the monosaccharides, enter metabolic pathways like glycolysis, where they are further processed to generate ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following is a false statement regarding enzymes?
a. Enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reactions.
b. Enzymes have specific substrates.
c. Enzymes supply ATP to their substrates.
d. An enzyme may be used many times.
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Textbook Question
What is meant by the term induced fit?
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Textbook Question
What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration?
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