If you were to cut through epithelial tissue without penetrating the basement membrane, would you expect bleeding to occur? Why or why not?

Vitamin C is required for the synthesis of collagen. Predict the effect that a vitamin C deficiency (a disease called scurvy) would have on bone tissue, dense regular collagenous connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue, and cartilage. What symptoms would you expect to see from this disease?

Predict what would happen if the mucous membranes of the body stopped secreting mucus or if they secreted excess mucus.

The disease pemphigus vulgaris involves a patient's own immune system attacking the desmosomes between the epithelial cells of the skin. What changes would you expect to see with this disease?

In the disease scleroderma, excessive collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and glycoproteins are produced and deposited in tissues throughout the body. Predict the effects of this disease.

In the disease pulmonary fibrosis, elastic fibers of the lung are destroyed and replaced with collagen fibers. Predict the effect this would have on breathing.

Explain why it would be difficult for a mature multinucleate cell such as a skeletal muscle fiber to divide by mitosis.

Predict which organelles are likely to be abundant in cells such as fibroblasts that actively produce and secrete proteins.

Epithelial cells of the kidneys have pumps that drive the transcellular transport of sodium ions.

The movement of sodium ions drives the transcellular transport of water. Explain why water follows sodium. (Connects to ​Chapter 3​)

Epithelial cells of the kidneys have pumps that drive the transcellular transport of sodium ions.

Is this epithelium likely to be simple or stratified? Why?

Imagine that a disease turns the simple epithelia of the lungs, kidney tubules, and intestines into keratinized stratified squamous epithelia. What effect would this change in form have on the functions of these tissues?

Explain how connective tissues differ from epithelial tissues in structure and function.

State whether each of the following describes epithelial, connective, muscle, or nervous tissue.

a. ____ECM is often the primary element. 

b. ____Consists of excitable cells that are specialized for contraction. 

c. ____Sheets of tightly packed cells with little ECM. 

d. ____Makes up the majority of the brain and spinal cord. 

e. ____Cells may be smooth or striated. 

f. ____Binds, connects, supports, and transports substances throughout the body.

Describe the roles of the following components of the ECM:

Collagen fibers

Describe the roles of the following components of the ECM:

Glycosaminoglycans