Table of contents

1. Chemical Measurements1h 50m
2. Tools of the Trade1h 17m
3. Experimental Error1h 52m
4 & 5. Statistics, Quality Assurance and Calibration Methods1h 57m
6. Chemical Equilibrium3h 41m
7. Activity and the Systematic Treatment of Equilibrium1h 0m
8. Monoprotic Acid-Base Equilibria1h 53m
9. Polyprotic Acid-Base Equilibria2h 17m
10. Acid-Base Titrations2h 37m
11. EDTA Titrations1h 34m
12. Advanced Topics in Equilibrium1h 16m
13. Fundamentals of Electrochemistry2h 19m
14. Electrodes and Potentiometry41m
15. Redox Titrations1h 14m
16. Electroanalytical Techniques57m
17. Fundamentals of Spectrophotometry50m

6. Chemical Equilibrium

Chemical Thermodynamics: Entropy

Analytical Chemistry

6. Chemical Equilibrium

Chemical Thermodynamics: Entropy

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following has the greatest entropy, S?

1.00 mole of liquid water at 30° C

1.00 mole of water vapor at 30° C

1.00 mole of regular ice at -10° C

1.00 mole of 'dry ice' (solid CO₂) at -10° C

1.00 mole of water under 10 atm of pressure at -10° C

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of entropy: Entropy (S) is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. Generally, gases have higher entropy than liquids, and liquids have higher entropy than solids due to the increased freedom of movement of particles.

Identify the states of matter for each option: Liquid water, water vapor (gas), regular ice (solid), dry ice (solid CO2), and water under high pressure (liquid).

Compare the entropy of different states: Gases have the highest entropy, followed by liquids, and then solids. Therefore, water vapor, being a gas, will have the highest entropy among the given options.

Consider the effect of temperature and pressure: Higher temperatures generally increase entropy as particles move more vigorously. However, in this problem, all substances are at similar temperatures, so the state of matter is the primary factor.

Conclude based on the analysis: Since water vapor is in the gaseous state at 30°C, it has the greatest entropy compared to the other substances listed, which are either in liquid or solid states.